websocket/_core.py

The _core.py file

class websocket._core.WebSocket(get_mask_key=None, sockopt=None, sslopt=None, fire_cont_frame=False, enable_multithread=True, skip_utf8_validation=False, **_)[source]

Low level WebSocket interface.

This class is based on the WebSocket protocol draft-hixie-thewebsocketprotocol-76

We can connect to the websocket server and send/receive data. The following example is an echo client.

>>> import websocket
>>> ws = websocket.WebSocket()
>>> ws.connect("ws://echo.websocket.events")
>>> ws.recv()
'echo.websocket.events sponsored by Lob.com'
>>> ws.send("Hello, Server")
19
>>> ws.recv()
'Hello, Server'
>>> ws.close()
Parameters

  • get_mask_key (func) – A callable function to get new mask keys, see the WebSocket.set_mask_key’s docstring for more information.

  • sockopt (tuple) – Values for socket.setsockopt. sockopt must be tuple and each element is argument of sock.setsockopt.

  • sslopt (dict) – Optional dict object for ssl socket options. See FAQ for details.

  • fire_cont_frame (bool) – Fire recv event for each cont frame. Default is False.

  • enable_multithread (bool) – If set to True, lock send method.

  • skip_utf8_validation (bool) – Skip utf8 validation.

__init__(get_mask_key=None, sockopt=None, sslopt=None, fire_cont_frame=False, enable_multithread=True, skip_utf8_validation=False, **_)[source]

Initialize WebSocket object.

Parameters

sslopt (dict) – Optional dict object for ssl socket options. See FAQ for details.

abort()[source]

Low-level asynchronous abort, wakes up other threads that are waiting in recv_*

close(status=1000, reason=b'', timeout=3)[source]

Close Websocket object

Parameters

  • status (int) – Status code to send. See STATUS_XXX.

  • reason (bytes) – The reason to close in UTF-8.

  • timeout (int or float) – Timeout until receive a close frame. If None, it will wait forever until receive a close frame.

connect(url, **options)[source]

Connect to url. url is websocket url scheme. ie. ws://host:port/resource You can customize using ‘options’. If you set “header” list object, you can set your own custom header.

>>> ws = WebSocket()
>>> ws.connect("ws://echo.websocket.events",
        ...     header=["User-Agent: MyProgram",
        ...             "x-custom: header"])
Parameters

  • header (list or dict) – Custom http header list or dict.

  • cookie (str) – Cookie value.

  • origin (str) – Custom origin url.

  • connection (str) – Custom connection header value. Default value “Upgrade” set in _handshake.py

  • suppress_origin (bool) – Suppress outputting origin header.

  • host (str) – Custom host header string.

  • timeout (int or float) – Socket timeout time. This value is an integer or float. If you set None for this value, it means “use default_timeout value”

  • http_proxy_host (str) – HTTP proxy host name.

  • http_proxy_port (str or int) – HTTP proxy port. Default is 80.

  • http_no_proxy (list) – Whitelisted host names that don’t use the proxy.

  • http_proxy_auth (tuple) – HTTP proxy auth information. Tuple of username and password. Default is None.

  • http_proxy_timeout (int or float) – HTTP proxy timeout, default is 60 sec as per python-socks.

  • redirect_limit (int) – Number of redirects to follow.

  • subprotocols (list) – List of available subprotocols. Default is None.

  • socket (socket) – Pre-initialized stream socket.

getheaders()[source]

Get handshake response header

getstatus()[source]

Get handshake status

getsubprotocol()[source]

Get subprotocol

gettimeout()[source]

Get the websocket timeout (in seconds) as an int or float

Returns

timeout – returns timeout value (in seconds). This value could be either float/integer.

Return type

int or float

property headers

Get handshake response header

ping(payload='')[source]

Send ping data.

Parameters

payload (str) – data payload to send server.

pong(payload='')[source]

Send pong data.

Parameters

payload (str) – data payload to send server.

recv()[source]

Receive string data(byte array) from the server.

Returns

data

Return type

string (byte array) value.

recv_data(control_frame=False)[source]

Receive data with operation code.

Parameters

control_frame (bool) – a boolean flag indicating whether to return control frame data, defaults to False

Returns

opcode, frame.data – tuple of operation code and string(byte array) value.

Return type

tuple

recv_data_frame(control_frame=False)[source]

Receive data with operation code.

If a valid ping message is received, a pong response is sent.

Parameters

control_frame (bool) – a boolean flag indicating whether to return control frame data, defaults to False

Returns

frame.opcode, frame – tuple of operation code and string(byte array) value.

Return type

tuple

recv_frame()[source]

Receive data as frame from server.

Returns

self.frame_buffer.recv_frame()

Return type

ABNF frame object

send(payload, opcode=1)[source]

Send the data as string.

Parameters

  • payload (str) – Payload must be utf-8 string or unicode, If the opcode is OPCODE_TEXT. Otherwise, it must be string(byte array).

  • opcode (int) – Operation code (opcode) to send.

send_binary(payload)[source]

Send a binary message (OPCODE_BINARY).

Parameters

payload (bytes) – payload of message to send.

send_close(status=1000, reason=b'')[source]

Send close data to the server.

Parameters

  • status (int) – Status code to send. See STATUS_XXX.

  • reason (str or bytes) – The reason to close. This must be string or UTF-8 bytes.

send_frame(frame)[source]

Send the data frame.

>>> ws = create_connection("ws://echo.websocket.events")
>>> frame = ABNF.create_frame("Hello", ABNF.OPCODE_TEXT)
>>> ws.send_frame(frame)
>>> cont_frame = ABNF.create_frame("My name is ", ABNF.OPCODE_CONT, 0)
>>> ws.send_frame(frame)
>>> cont_frame = ABNF.create_frame("Foo Bar", ABNF.OPCODE_CONT, 1)
>>> ws.send_frame(frame)
Parameters

frame (ABNF frame) – frame data created by ABNF.create_frame

set_mask_key(func)[source]

Set function to create mask key. You can customize mask key generator. Mainly, this is for testing purpose.

Parameters

func (func) – callable object. the func takes 1 argument as integer. The argument means length of mask key. This func must return string(byte array), which length is argument specified.

settimeout(timeout)[source]

Set the timeout to the websocket.

Parameters

timeout (int or float) – timeout time (in seconds). This value could be either float/integer.

shutdown()[source]

close socket, immediately.

property status

Get handshake status

property subprotocol

Get subprotocol

property timeout

Get the websocket timeout (in seconds) as an int or float

Returns

timeout – returns timeout value (in seconds). This value could be either float/integer.

Return type

int or float

websocket._core.create_connection(url, timeout=None, class_=<class 'websocket._core.WebSocket'>, **options)[source]

Connect to url and return websocket object.

Connect to url and return the WebSocket object. Passing optional timeout parameter will set the timeout on the socket. If no timeout is supplied, the global default timeout setting returned by getdefaulttimeout() is used. You can customize using ‘options’. If you set “header” list object, you can set your own custom header.

>>> conn = create_connection("ws://echo.websocket.events",
     ...     header=["User-Agent: MyProgram",
     ...             "x-custom: header"])
Parameters

  • class (class) – class to instantiate when creating the connection. It has to implement settimeout and connect. It’s __init__ should be compatible with WebSocket.__init__, i.e. accept all of it’s kwargs.

  • header (list or dict) – custom http header list or dict.

  • cookie (str) – Cookie value.

  • origin (str) – custom origin url.

  • suppress_origin (bool) – suppress outputting origin header.

  • host (str) – custom host header string.

  • timeout (int or float) – socket timeout time. This value could be either float/integer. If set to None, it uses the default_timeout value.

  • http_proxy_host (str) – HTTP proxy host name.

  • http_proxy_port (str or int) – HTTP proxy port. If not set, set to 80.

  • http_no_proxy (list) – Whitelisted host names that don’t use the proxy.

  • http_proxy_auth (tuple) – HTTP proxy auth information. tuple of username and password. Default is None.

  • http_proxy_timeout (int or float) – HTTP proxy timeout, default is 60 sec as per python-socks.

  • enable_multithread (bool) – Enable lock for multithread.

  • redirect_limit (int) – Number of redirects to follow.

  • sockopt (tuple) – Values for socket.setsockopt. sockopt must be a tuple and each element is an argument of sock.setsockopt.

  • sslopt (dict) – Optional dict object for ssl socket options. See FAQ for details.

  • subprotocols (list) – List of available subprotocols. Default is None.

  • skip_utf8_validation (bool) – Skip utf8 validation.

  • socket (socket) – Pre-initialized stream socket.